Approaches
1. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a way to help people understand and manage their thoughts, feelings and behavior. The basic idea of CBT is that the way we think about things affects how we feel and how we act.
So, the main things that are important to know about CBT:
1. Opinions influence feelings
When we have certain thoughts about ourselves, others, or the world around us, those thoughts can make us happy, sad, or anxious.
2. Opinions can be changed
CBT teaches us to look at our thoughts and, if they are truly negative or harmful, change them for the better.
3. Behavior and actions matter
CBT also helps us change our behavior, especially if we are doing something that is preventing us from being happy or achieving our goals.
4. Practice and Exercises
CAT has many useful exercises and tasks that help us develop the skills to understand our thoughts and feelings.
5. This can be useful for various problems
CBT is used to treat various problems such as anxiety, depression, fears or low self-esteem.
6. May be useful for teenagers
CBT can help teens better cope with stress and emotions, develop self-confidence, and improve relationships with others.
So, CBT is a tool that helps us understand ourselves better and live happier and healthier lives.
2. Gestalt therapy
Gestalt therapy is a way of helping people understand their feelings and thoughts, as well as how they interact with others and the world around them. It is important to understand that hidden in the word “gestalt” is a German word meaning “wholeness” or “form.” The main idea of gestalt therapy is to consider a person as a whole organism consisting of different parts.
So, the main things that are important to know about Gestalt therapy:
1. Integrity
Gestalt therapy teaches us to view ourselves and our difficulties as part of a larger picture. We learn how different parts of our life story interact with each other.
2. Here and now
Gestalt therapy emphasizes the importance of living in the here and now, rather than always thinking about the past or future. We learn to be more attentive to what is happening in the current moment.
3. The role of emotions
Gestalt therapy helps us understand and express our emotions. We learn to recognize our feelings and share them with others.
4. Communication
The therapist in Gestalt therapy helps to discover and understand our relationships with others. We learn to communicate better and express our needs.
5. Experimentation and creativity
Gestalt therapy can use various exercises and experiments to help you better understand yourself and find new ways to solve problems.
So, Gestalt therapy is a way to improve communication with others, understand your emotions and live more mindfully in the present moment.
3. Existential therapy
Existential therapy is a way of helping people understand and develop their own meaning and purpose in life. This therapy helps answer the question of who we are, why we exist, and how we can find joy and satisfaction in life.
Key things to know about existential therapy:
1. Meaning and significance
Existential therapy teaches us to think about the meaning and meaning of our existence. We explore what is important to us in life and how we can find pleasure in what we do.
2. Freedom and responsibility
Existential therapy emphasizes the importance of freedom of choice and responsibility for one's decisions. We learn to be aware of how we choose our actions and how it affects our lives.
3. Search for meaning
Existential therapy can help you find meaning and purpose in your life. We learn how to develop ourselves as individuals and how to do important things that help us feel content and happy.
4. Justice and death
Existential therapy helps to understand important topics such as justice and death. We explore what values are important to us and how we can live our lives to be more fulfilling and meaningful.
5. Opening up new opportunities
Existential therapy can help open up new possibilities and perspectives in life. We learn to look at different situations from a different perspective and develop creativity.
So, existential therapy is a way of helping us understand ourselves and our place in the world, find meaning and meaning in life and develop ourselves as individuals.
4. Symboldrama therapy
Symboldrama therapy is like a fantasy game where you can choose a character and build a story together with the therapist.
Here's how it works:
1. Choose your hero
You need to choose a hero for your story. It can be any fantasy or real figure you want. For example, it could be a superhero, a bear, a fairy tale character, or even yourself.
2. Create a story
You need to choose a hero for your story. It can be any fantasy or real figure you want. For example, it could be a superhero, a bear, a fairy tale character, or even yourself.
3. Role Playing
Then you and your therapist work together to build that character's story. You can decide what your character will do, where he will go, and how he feels. This is your story and you control it.
4. Reflections and Discussions
You can embody your hero and play his role in this story. You can act like this hero and react to the events in the story.
5. Discovery and problem solving
During the game, you can talk to the therapist about your thoughts, feelings and reactions that arise during the game. A therapist will help you understand what this might say about your real feelings and life.
Therefore, transactional analysis is a way to understand how we communicate with others and develop skills to improve our relationships and self-development.
5. Transactional Analysis
Transactional analysis is a way of understanding how we communicate and interact with other people. The basic idea in transactional analysis is to view our conversations and interactions as transactions, as the exchange of specific messages or actions.
So, the main things that are important to know about transactional analysis:
1. Three states of the self
In transactional analysis there are three states of the Self. The first is the “Child”, expressing our emotions and childhood needs. The second is “Adult”, this is our rational and logical state where we make reasonable choices. The third is “Father”, this is our internal authority and rules.
2. Transactions
Transactions are the exchange of messages between different states of the Self. For example, when we speak to a child in another person, this may be a Child-Child transaction. When we respond rationally to a situation, it can be an Adult-Adult transaction.
3. A game
In transactional analysis we also talk about "games". Play is the way we communicate with others and respond to their actions. Games can be positive or negative, and they influence our states of self and interactions with others.
4. Self-development
Transactional analysis can help us better understand how we communicate and why we react the way we do. It helps us become more aware and improve our interactions with others.
Therefore, transactional analysis is a way to understand how we communicate with others and develop skills to improve our relationships and self-development.
6. Narrative therapy
Narrative therapy is a way of helping people understand and retell their stories and experiences. The main idea is to look at your life as a story that you yourself can create and change.
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1. Your story
In narrative therapy, we think of our lives as stories. You talk about your experiences, feelings and events that happened in your life.
2. Change of story
It is important to understand that you can change your story. If there are any negative or difficult sections in your story, you can work on them to make them better.
3. A game
3. External Stories: Sometimes we are surrounded by stories told to us by other people or society. For example, there may be stereotypes about how teenagers should behave. Narrative therapy helps you ask yourself whether these stories match your own experiences and what stories you want to create for yourself.
4. Changing perspective
Sometimes, by changing the way we view our story, we can change the way we see and feel about ourselves. For example, instead of thinking, “I never get good at anything,” you could say, “Sometimes I need a big try, and that’s okay.”
5. Development and growth
Narrative therapy helps you develop and grow as a person. You can create your own story of success and achievements.
So, narrative therapy is a way of helping you understand and change your story, develop a positive way of thinking and grow as a person.